At the present
time hnefatafl in Russia is known as “tavlei” —
«тавлеи»). Under this title («тавлеи» —
“tavlei”, «тавля» —
“tavlya”, sometimes in vernacular version «велеи» —
“velei”) the game was named in Russian epics, songs
and legends, where the Russian epic heroes were playing
“German tavlei” (in Russia everything foreign was called
German), and was prohibited by Russian orthodox church.
In the aftermath of that the game was forgotten
and the rules were lost. The word “tavlei” in the late
Russian language means a game of checkers.
The word
“tavleya” comes from the Greek language (“τάβλαις”)
and means “board”. Also from the dictionary
of the Constantinople Patriarch Photios it’s known that
the word “tavleya” is the equivalent to the word
“petteia” (“πεττείαις — παιδιαῖς
τάβλαις”, “petteia — the game of tavleya”)
which means the ancient Greek game. From petteia developed
a Roman war game called “latrunculi” (“ludus
latrunculorum”), from which in turn probably developed
the game of hnefatafl. Thus, despite the fact that
the nature of the game “tavlei” is unclear
because of the loss of its rules, it may be
assumed that this is an analogue of hnefatafl —
the board game of the Vikings.
My acquaintance with hnefatafl happened by accident
at the end of August 2016. I helped my friend
to find a chess set with figures in the form
of the Vikings, on internet request (“Viking chess”)
I got the information about tafl games, pretty quickly
found the site of Aage Nielsen (aka “Hagbard”)
and began to play. Simultaneously I registered
for the World Tafl Federation Hnefatafl Championship
tournament 2016. Of course the aim wasn’t to win
that tournament, the objective was to start learning
the game in the most serious circumstances.
The game
attracted my attention because of asymmetry in the amount
of the attacking forces and defenders, as well
as in objectives of the game (each side has its
own objectives), and because of its rich historical past.
In this game because of the different purposes
of playing sides it’s particularly important to think
not only for yourself but simultaneously to think
like your opponent.
By participating
in the tournament, I acquainted myself with the Welsh
version of tafl called “Tawlbwrdd”, it was played
in the first round of the championship, and
at the same time with what is called “historical
hnefatafl rules”, I was very impressed and captivated.
I began to play Saami tablut, the rules of this
game were documented by the Swedish naturalist Carl
Linnaeus and they are our closest link to the game
of the Vikings, they are authentically historical.
I fully agree with Damien Walker (aka “Cyningstan”),
author of the book “Reconstructing hnefatafl” and the
web-site tafl.cyningstan.com: were it not for the increasing
popularity of the modern Copenhagen variant among the best
hnefatafl players, I'd be calling for tablut to be
a standardised game for tournaments on many sizes
of board.
At the moment
in Russia we have at least two commercial sets
of “Tavlei”, which are produced in limited
editions, and on the Internet you can find
a sufficient number of self-made sets made by Russian
craftsmen. There is also an application for smartphones
with the same name.
“Tavlei”
in modern Russian form is a variant played
on a 9×9 board. However, in contrast
to the historical rules the purpose of the king
is to reach one of the four corners of the board.
Moreover, the range of king’s movement is limited
to three squares (optional, sometimes the game is played
without this rule). In my opinion historical Saami tablut
rules represent a very balanced game, why it was
necessary to upgrade them in that way — I don’t
understand.
In any case,
all numerous tafl variants somehow bring all of us closer
to the hnefatafl renaissance. As the chairman
of the World Tafl Federation (WTF) Tim Millar (aka “Crust”)
likes to say: “The heroes of the hnefatafl
renaissance spread the word”. Let us hope that this
renaissance is not long to wait.
Alexander Fomichev (aka “Ded Fomich”) especially for the blog of Marco Gandolfo (aka “Mmagari”) “Bellezza e Armonia nei Giochi strategici”
(http://bellezzaearmonianeigiochistrategici.blogspot.it)
15.01.2017
Moscow,
Russia